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スティーブ・ジョブズのスピーチ，金谷版和文抄訳．

This is the text of the Commencement address by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005.

アップルコンピュータ及びピクサーアニメーションスタジオCEO（当時），スティーブ・ジョブズ氏による卒業式でのスピーチ．2005年6月12日．スタンフォード大学．

I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest I’ve ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That’s it. No big deal. Just three stories.

世界最高の大学のひとつにお招き頂いて光栄に思います．僕は大学を出ていないので，これが僕にとっていちばん，大学卒業っぽいイベントなんです．さて，今日は三つの話をしたいと思います．たった三つですよ．

The first story is about connecting the dots.

一つ目は，点と点をつなぐ線の話です．

I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out?

僕は最初の半年でリード大学を辞めてしまいました．でもその後1年半ぐらいは大学に潜っていたんですがね．なぜ大学を辞めたと思います？

It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?” They said: “Of course.” My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college.

僕が生まれたときの話です．産みの母は，大学院生で，未婚の母でした．そして，僕を養子に出すことに決めたのです．産みの母が出した条件は，里親が大学を卒業していることでした．結局条件通りにはなりませんでしたが，産みの母は，僕を大学に行かせると約束してくれた夫婦に，僕を養子に出しました．

And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents’ savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn’t see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didn’t interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.

17年後，僕は大学に行きます．学費はとても高額でした．僕は半年で，大学に行く意味なんて無いと思うようになりました．僕には人生の目的なんてわからなかったし，大学がその助けになるとも思えませんでした．両親が人生をかけて貯めたお金を無駄にしていると思ったので，僕は大学を辞めました．そして，何事もうまくいく，という考えに身を任せたのです．怖かったけれど，今思えば人生最良の決断でした．大学を辞めて必修科目をとる必要はなくなったので，自分が興味のあるクラスに顔を出すようになりました．

It wasn’t all romantic. I didn’t have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5¢ deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example:

もちろん寮には入れないので，友達の部屋に寝泊まりしました．コカ・コーラのボトルと引き替えにデポジットの5セントを受けとって食費の足しにしたり，ハレ・クリシュナ教会の施しにありつくために毎週7マイルを歩いたりしたものです．

Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn’t have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can’t capture, and I found it fascinating.

リード大学ではカリグラフィの授業があったんです．おそらく，地域では最高の．そこで，僕はカリグラフィの授業をとることにしたんです．最高に面白かったですよ．

None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.

カリグラフィなんて何の役に立つのでしょうか．もちろん当時はわかりませんでした．でも10年して，我々が最初のマッキントッシュ（マック）を作ったときに，それは役に立ったのです．マックは世界で初めて，複数の，しかもプロポーショナルのフォントを搭載したパーソナルコンピュータになりました［訳注：当時は固定幅のタイプライタフォントが標準的だった］．もちろんウィンドウズはマックのコピーですから，もし僕が大学を中退していなかったら，パーソナルコンピュータが綺麗な文字を搭載することは無かったでしょう．このように，今から振り返れば，点と点をつなぐことができるのです．でも，その当時，いずれこの点とこの点がつながるなんて，わかるわけがありません．

Again, you can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.

この先，この点とこの点がつながるなんて言えるわけはないんです．ただ，振り返ってみて，あの点とあの点はつながっていたと言えるだけです．だから，いまはわからなくても，点と点はいずれつながると信じなければなりません．

My second story is about love and loss.

二番目の話をしましょう．愛することと，失うことについてです．

I was lucky — I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation — the Macintosh — a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.

僕は恵まれていました．何をしたいのか，かなり早く見つけられたのです．僕は20歳のときにウォズと二人でアップルを始めました．10年後には4,000人を擁する20億ドル企業になりました．僕は30歳になり，マックを発表し，自分で始めた会社からクビになるという快挙を達成しました．

I really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me — I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.

数ヶ月は途方に暮れましたね．シリコン・バレーから去ろうと思いました．でも，徐々に，こう思い出したんです．僕には，まだやりたいことがある．アップルでは出来なくても，もう一度やろうと，思ったんです．

I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

いま振り返ってみると，アップルから追放されたことは，人生で最高の出来事でした．成功者の看板を捨てて，もう一度挑戦者になれたのですから．

During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I returned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together.

その後の5年間で，僕はネクストとピクサーという会社を立ち上げ，おほん，素晴らしい女性と恋に落ちたんです．ピクサーはトイ・ストーリーでおなじみの，世界最高のアニメーションスタジオになりました．ネクストはアップルに買収され，ネクストが開発した技術はいまやアップルのコア技術になり，僕はアップルに招聘されました．そして，ロレーヌと僕は家庭を持ちました．［訳注：ピクサーの歴史については The Pixar Touch （邦訳：メイキング・オブ・ピクサー）が詳しい．］

I’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, keep looking. Don’t settle. As with all matters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Don’t settle.

もし僕がアップルから追放されていなかったら，これらのことは何一つおこっていなかったでしょう．良薬口に苦しということだったのだと思います．苦しくても，自分を信じることです．好きなことを，続けることです．仕事も，恋人も，同じなんです．あなたが夢中になることは，偉大なことなんだと信じなさい．そして偉大なことは，夢中になることによってのみ達せられるのです．もしまだ夢中になれるものが見つからないのなら，探し続けなさい．

My third story is about death.

三番目の話は，死についでです．

When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you’ll most certainly be right.” It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “No” for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something.

僕は17歳の時に「今日があなたの最後の日だと思って生きなさい」という教えを読みました．その後33年間，僕は毎朝，鏡に向かって聞くんです．「その仕事は，本当に今日しなくちゃいけないの？」もし「いいえ」が何日も続くようなら，仕事のやり方を変えろというサインです．

Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything — all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.

「明日死ぬかもしれない」と考えることは，重大な決断をする際の最強のツールなんです．何かを失うことを恐れる気持ちは，誰にでもあるでしょう．でも，明日死ぬかもしれないと思えば，何だって決断できるはずです．

About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn’t even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctor’s code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought you’d have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes.

去年，僕は癌を宣告されました．ドクターに余命3〜6ヶ月と言われました．朝の7時半でした．子供たちにこれから10年かけて伝えようとしていたことを，今すぐ家に帰って，ほんの数ヶ月で伝えないといけなくなったのです．

I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and I’m fine now.

その日の夕方，顕微鏡で組織検査をしていたドクターが突然叫んだんです．大変珍しい，手術で治る癌だと，わかったのです．

This was the closest I’ve been to facing death, and I hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept:

僕はいったん死を覚悟しました．だから，たぶん説得力を持って，こう言えるんじゃないかな．

No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Life’s change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true.

誰も死にたくはない．けれども，みんないつかは死ぬのです．そして，死は唯一，後進に身を譲る方法なのです．後進とは今はきみたちのことですが，もちろん，君たちもまたすぐに老いるでしょう．

Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma — which is living with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.

君たちの時間は限られています．だから，他人の人生を歩むなんてやめなさい．他人の批判を気にするなんてやめなさい．自分の内なる声に耳を傾けなさい．そして，最も重要なことを言います．あなたの直感と，心の内に，従う勇気を持ちなさい．それらは，あなたの本当の姿勢なのですから．

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960’s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.

僕が若い頃に，スチュアート・ブランドという人が作ったホール・アース・カタログという素晴らしい雑誌がありました．1960年代のことです．もちろんパーソナルコンピュータはありませんから，タイプライタ，のりとはさみ，そしてポラロイドカメラで作られていたのです．紙で作ったGoogleみたいなものですね．

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.

ホール・アース・カタログの最後の号で，それは1970年代半ばで，僕は君たちと同じ年頃でしたが，背表紙がこう飾られたのです．早朝の田舎道—まるでヒッチハイクしている最中に出会うかのような風景，そして，次の言葉．「熱くなれ，馬鹿になれ．」僕はずっと，自分自身そうありたいと願ってきました．いまは，君たちにも．

Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.

熱くなれ，馬鹿になれ．

Thank you all very much.

聞いてくれてありがとう．